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CLI: Configuring Blacklist-/Whitelist-based DNS Filtering

This section provides an example for configuring blacklist-/whitelist-based DNS filtering to permit or deny the access to specific websites.

Networking Requirements

As shown in Figure 1, the FW is deployed at the network border as the enterprise's gateway to implement DNS filtering on the DNS query requests submitted by users for accessing external networks.

The enterprise has R&D and marketing employees. The specific requirements on the employees are as follows:

  • A domain name whitelist is created for the R&D employees so that they can access only work-related domain names (www.example.org) from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.
  • A domain name blacklist is created for the marketing employees so that they can access all domain names except the blacklisted ones (www.example.*) from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.
Figure 1 Networking diagram for configuring blacklist-/whitelist-based DNS filtering

Configuration Roadmap

  1. Set interface IP addresses and assign interfaces to security zones.
  2. For R&D employees, create a DNS filtering profile, add whitelisted domain names (www.example.org), and set the action to block for all predefined categories and the default action to block (if the remote query service is unavailable, the FW will take the default action to control the access to non-whitelisted domain names).
  3. For marketing employees, create a DNS filtering profile, add blacklisted domain names (www.example.*), and set the action to allow for all predefined categories and the default action to allow (if the remote query service is unavailable, the FW will take the default action to control the access to non-blacklisted domain names).
  4. Configure two security policies and reference user groups and DNS filtering profiles to control the domain name access for different user groups.

Procedure

  1. Set interface IP addresses and assign interfaces to security zones.
    1. Set an IP address for GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 and assign the interface to the Untrust zone. 

      <FW> system-view
[FW] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ip address 1.1.1.1 24
[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
[FW] firewall zone untrust
[FW-zone-untrust] add interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[FW-zone-untrust] quit

    2. Set an IP address for GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 and assign the interface to the Trust zone. 

      [FW] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3
[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] ip address 10.3.0.1 24
[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] quit
[FW] firewall zone trust
[FW-zone-trust] add interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3
[FW-zone-trust] quit

  2. Disable the remote query service. 

    [FW] undo country

  3. Configure DNS filtering profiles.
    1. Configure a DNS filtering profile for the R&D department. 

      [FW] profile type dns-filter name profile_dns_research
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_research] description DNS filter profile of web access control for research.
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_research] default action block
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_research] category user-defined action block
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_research] category pre-defined action block
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_research] add whitelist host www.example.org
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_research] quit

    2. Configure a DNS filtering profile for the marketing department. 

      [FW] profile type dns-filter name profile_dns_marketing
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_marketing] description DNS filter profile of web access control for marketing.
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_marketing] category user-defined action allow
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_marketing] category pre-defined action allow
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_marketing] add blacklist host www.example.*
[FW-profile-dns-filter-profile_dns_marketing] quit

  4. Configure schedules. 

    [FW] time-range time_range
[FW-time-range-work_time] period-range 09:00:00 to 17:00:00 daily
[FW-time-range-work_time] quit

  5. Reference DNS filtering profiles in security policies.

    In this example, user groups research (R&D employees) and marketing (marketing employees) to be referenced have been created.

    1. Configure a security policy for the R&D department. 

      [FW] security-policy
[FW-policy-security] rule name policy_sec_research
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] description Security policy of web access protect for research.
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] source-zone trust
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] destination-zone untrust
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] user user-group /default/research
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] time-range time_range
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] action permit
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] profile dns-filter profile_dns_research
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] quit

    2. Configure a security policy for the marketing department. 

      [FW-policy-security] rule name policy_sec_marketing
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] description Security policy of web access protect for marketing.
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] source-zone trust
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] destination-zone untrust
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] user user-group /default/marketing
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] time-range time_range
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] action permit
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] profile dns-filter profile_dns_marketing
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] quit

  6. Commit the content security profiles. 

    [FW] engine configuration commit
Info: The operation may last for several minutes, please wait.
Info: DNS submitted configurations successfully.
Info: Finish committing engine compiling.

Verification

  • R&D employees can access only www.example.org from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.

  • Marketing employees can access all websites, except www.example.* from 09:00 to 17:00. Inaccessible domain names are as follows:

    • www.example.net
    • www.example.com
    • www.example.cn

Configuration Scripts

#                                                                               
sysname FW      
#                                                                               
 time-range time_range                                                          
  period-range 09:00:00 to 17:00:00 daily                                       
#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1   
 undo shutdown
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3   
 undo shutdown
 ip address 10.3.0.1 255.255.255.0
#                                                                               
firewall zone trust                                                             
 set priority 85                                                                
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
#                                                                               
firewall zone untrust                                                           
 set priority 5                                                                 
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
profile type dns-filter name profile_dns_research                               
 description DNS filter profile of web access control for research.             
 add whitelist host www.example.org                                             
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profile type dns-filter name profile_dns_marketing                              
 description DNS filter profile of web access control for marketing.            
 add blacklist host www.example.*                                            
#                                                                               
security-policy                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_research                                                  
  description Security policy of web access protect for research.               
  source-zone trust                                                             
  destination-zone untrust
  user user-group /default/research                                             
  time-range time_range                                                         
  profile dns-filter profile_dns_research                                       
  action permit                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_marketing                                                 
  description Security policy of web access protect for marketing.              
  source-zone trust                                                             
  destination-zone untrust                                                      
  user user-group /default/marketing                                            
  time-range time_range                                                         
  profile dns-filter profile_dns_marketing                                      
  action permit
Parent Topic: Configuration Examples for DNS filtering
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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