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Web: Example for Using URL Categories and Blacklist/Whitelist to Control Website Access

The URL categories and blacklist/whitelist can be used together to control the access to a certain type of websites and implement more refined access control on a fixed website.

Networking Requirements

As shown in Figure 1, the FW is deployed at the network border as the enterprise's gateway to implement URL filtering on HTTP requests.

Employees can access only Education/Science, Search Engines/Portals and Social Network websites. In addition, the enterprise wants to further control the access to the following websites:

  • Allow employees to access internal forum websites: www.example3.com and www.example4.com.
  • Prohibit employees from accessing www.example2.com in the Education/Science category and www.example1.com in the Social Network category.
Figure 1 Using URL categories and blacklist/whitelist to control website access

Configuration Roadmap

  1. Set the IP address and security zone of the interface.
  2. Create the URL filtering profile url_profile_01, add www.example1.com and www.example2.com to the blacklist, and add www.example3.com and www.example4.com to the whitelist. Use predefined URL categories and set the control actions of Education/Science, Search Engines/Portals and Social Network websites to Allow, set the action for other websites to Block.
  3. Configure a security policy and reference the URL filtering profile url_profile_01 to implement URL access control.

Procedure

  1. Set the IP address and security zone of the interface.

    1. Choose Network > Interface.

    2. Click for GE0/0/3 and set the parameters as follows:

      Zone trust
      IPv4
      IP Address 10.3.0.1/24
    3. Click OK.

    4. Repeat the previous steps to set the parameters for GE0/0/1.

      Zone untrust
      IPv4
      IP Address 1.1.1.1/24

  2. Configure URL filtering profiles.

    1. Choose Object > Security Profiles > URL Filtering.

    2. In URL Filtering Profile, click Add and set the parameters as follows:

      Name

      url_profile_01
      Default Action

      Allow

      NOTE:

      If you want to deny URLs outside the whitelist, you can set the default action to deny so that the FW uses the default action when the remote query service is unavailable. In this manner, URLs outside the whitelist can be denied.

      If you want to permit URLs outside the blacklist, you can set the default action to permit so that the FW uses the default action when the remote query service is unavailable. In this manner, URLs outside the blacklist can be permitted.
      Whitelist URL

      www.example3.com

      www.example4.com
      Blacklist URL

      www.example1.com

      www.example2.com
      URL Filtering Level

      Select Custom, and set the action for predefined categories Education/Science, Search Engines/Portals and Social Network to Allow and the action for other predefined categories to Block.

      NOTE:

      To simplify configuration, you can also perform the following operations:

      After you select Custom, select Block to the right of Name in the first row. The action for all user-defined categories and predefined categories becomes Block. You can then set the action for the three predefined categories to Allow.
    3. Click OK.

  3. Reference URL filtering profiles in security policies.

    1. Choose Policy > Security Policy > Security Policy.

    2. Click Add Security Policy and set the parameters as follows:

      Name policy_sec_01
      Source Zone trust
      Destination Zone untrust
      Source Address/Region 10.3.0.0/24
      Destination Address/Region any
      Action permit
      Content Security
      URL Filtering

      url_profile_01
    3. Click OK.

  4. Click Save on the upper right of the web page, and click OK in the dialog box that is displayed.
  5. Click Commit on the upper right of the web page, and click OK in the dialog box that is displayed.

Verification

  • Employees can access Education/Science, Search Engines/Portals, and Social Network websites. The access requests to other websites are blocked, and a message is displayed accordingly. For example:

    If you query URL logs (Monitor > Log > URL Log), you can see the logs that employees' access to prohibited websites matched the URL filtering rule whose filtering type is Predefined and action is block. For example:

  • Employees can access www.example3.com and www.example4.com but cannot access www.example1.com or www.example2.com. They received pushed information when their access was blocked. For example:

    If you query the URL logs (Monitor > Log > URL Log), you can see the logs generated when employees' access requests are permitted or denied, with the filtering type being Whitelist or Blacklist, respectively. For example:

Configuration Scripts

#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1   
 undo shutdown
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3   
 undo shutdown
 ip address 10.3.0.1 255.255.255.0
#                                                                               
firewall zone trust                                                             
 set priority 85                                                                
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
#                                                                               
firewall zone untrust                                                           
 set priority 5                                                                 
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
profile type url-filter name url_profile_01
 add blacklist url www.example1.com
 add blacklist url www.example2.com
 add whitelist url www.example3.com
 add whitelist url www.example4.com
 category pre-defined subcategory-id 101 action block
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#                                                                               
security-policy                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_01                                                  
  source-zone trust                                                             
  destination-zone untrust
  source-address 10.3.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
  profile url-filter url_profile_01                                       
  action permit
Parent Topic: Content Security
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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