Web: Example for Configuring DNS Category-based DNS Filtering

This section provides an example for configuring DNS category-based DNS filtering to control the access to domain names of a category. The URL category can be either a predefined category of the FW or a user-defined category.

Networking Requirements

As shown in Figure 1, the FW is deployed at the network border as the enterprise's gateway to implement DNS filtering on the DNS query requests submitted by users for accessing external networks.

The enterprise has R&D and marketing employees. The specific requirements on the employees are as follows:

The R&D employees can access only education/science and search/portal websites from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.
The marketing employees can access only education/science, search/portal, and social news websites and a specific domain name (www.example.net) from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.

Figure 1 Networking diagram for configuring DNS category-based DNS filtering

Configuration Roadmap

Set interface IP addresses and assign interfaces to security zones.
Configure the DNS server and ensure that the FW can correctly resolve domain name sec.huawei.com.
Configure user-defined category DNS_userdefine_category and add www.example.net to the user-defined domain name.
Configure the remote query server to obtain the mappings between domain names and predefined categories. In this example, Education/Science, Search Engines/Portals, and Social Focus are all predefined categories.
Configure two DNS filtering profiles, one for the R&D personnel and the other for the marketing personnel. Specify control actions for user-defined categories and predefined categories.
To ensure that remote query is available, configure a security policy and reference user-defined services in the security policy to allow the FW to access the scheduling center sec.huawei.com. The user-defined services include:
- TCP: The destination port number is 80 (for interaction with scheduling center sec.huawei.com).
- TCP: The destination port number is 12612 (for interaction with a dispatch server).
- UDP: The destination port number is 12600 (for interaction with a query server).
Configure two security policies and reference time ranges, user groups, and DNS filtering profiles to control domain name access of different user groups within various time ranges.

Procedure

Set interface IP addresses and assign interfaces to security zones.
1. Choose Network > Interface.
2. Click of GE0/0/3 and set the parameters as follows.
  
  Zone
  
  trust
  
  IPv4
  
  IP Address
  
  10.3.0.1/24
3. Click OK.
4. Repeat the preceding steps to set the parameters for GE0/0/1.
  
  Zone
  
  untrust
  
  IPv4
  
  IP Address
  
  1.1.1.1/24
Configure the DNS server.
1. Choose Network > DNS > DNS.
2. In DNS Server List, click Add.
3. Configure the DNS server as follows.
  
  DNS server address
  
  10.2.0.70
4. Click OK.
Configure a user-defined DNS category.
1. Choose Object > DNS Category.
2. Click Add and set parameters as follows.
  
  Name
  
  DNS_userdefine_category
  
  Description
  
  User-defined DNS category for marketing access control
  
  Host
  
  www.example.net
3. Click OK.
Configure the remote query server.
1. Choose Object > Security Profiles > Global Configuration.
2. Select Country where the FW resides to China.
3. In the URL Remote Query Server Settings area, set parameters as follows.
  Query Mode
  
  Remote
  
  Scheduling Center
  
  sec.huawei.com
4. Click Apply.
5. Choose Object > URL Category.
6. Click Configure and set the parameters as follows.
  
  Timeout
  
  3
  
  Action When Timeout
  
  Allow
7. Click OK.

Zone	trust
IPv4
IP Address	10.3.0.1/24

Zone	untrust
IPv4
IP Address	1.1.1.1/24

DNS server address	10.2.0.70

Name	DNS_userdefine_category
Description	User-defined DNS category for marketing access control
Host	www.example.net

Query Mode	Remote
Scheduling Center	sec.huawei.com

Timeout	3
Action When Timeout	Allow

Configure DNS filtering profiles.

Choose Object > Security Profiles > DNS Filtering.

In DNS Filtering Profile, click Add and set the parameters as follows.

Name	profile_dns_research
Description	DNS filter profile of web access control for research.
Default Action	Allow
DNS Filtering Level	Select Custom, and set the action for predefined categories Education/Science and Search Engines/Portals to Allow and the action for other predefined categories to Block. NOTE: To simplify configuration, you can also perform as follows: After you select Custom, select Block to the right of Name in the first row. The action for all user-defined categories and predefined categories becomes Block. You can then set the action for the two predefined categories to Allow.

Click OK.

In DNS Filtering Profile, click Add and set the parameters as follows.

Name	profile_dns_marketing
Description	DNS filter profile of web access control for marketing.
Default Action	Allow
DNS Filtering Level	Select Custom, and set the action for predefined categories Education/Science, Search Engines/Portals, and Social Focus and user-defined category DNS_userdefine_category to Allow and the action for other predefined categories to Block. NOTE: To simplify configuration, you can also perform as follows: After you select Custom, select Block to the right of Name in the first row. The action for all user-defined categories and predefined categories becomes Block. You can then set the action for the three predefined categories and the user-defined category to Allow.

Click OK.

Configure schedules.
1. Choose Object > Schedule.
2. Click Add to create schedule time_range. Set the parameters as follows.
  Name
  
  time_range
  
  Type
  
  Periodic schedule
  
  Start Time
  
  09:00:00
  
  End Time
  
  17:00:00
  
  Weekly Validity Time
  
  Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday
3. Click OK.
Configure user-defined services.
1. Choose Object > Service > Service.
2. Click Add and enter user-defined service name service_sec_huawei_com.
3. In Protocol List, click Add and set the parameters as follows.
  
  Protocol
  
  TCP
  
  Protocol Number
  
  6
  
  Source Port
  
  0-65535
  
  Destination Port
  
  80
4. Click OK.
5. Repeat the preceding steps to set the following parameters.
  
  Protocol
  
  TCP
  
  Protocol Number
  
  6
  
  Source Port
  
  0-65535
  
  Destination Port
  
  12612
  
  Protocol
  
  UDP
  
  Protocol Number
  
  17
  
  Source Port
  
  0-65535
  
  Destination Port
  
  12600
Configure security policies and reference user-defined services to allow the FW to access the scheduling center.
1. Choose Policy > Security Policy > Security Policy.
2. Click Add Security Policy and set the parameters as follows.
  
  Name
  
  policy_sec_huawei_com
  
  Source Zone
  
  local
  
  Destination Zone
  
  untrust
  
  Service
  
  service_sec_huawei_com
  
  Action
  
  Permit

Name	time_range
Type	Periodic schedule
Start Time	09:00:00
End Time	17:00:00
Weekly Validity Time	Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday

Protocol	TCP
Protocol Number	6
Source Port	0-65535
Destination Port	80

Protocol	TCP
Protocol Number	6
Source Port	0-65535
Destination Port	12612

Protocol	UDP
Protocol Number	17
Source Port	0-65535
Destination Port	12600

Name	policy_sec_huawei_com
Source Zone	local
Destination Zone	untrust
Service	service_sec_huawei_com
Action	Permit

Reference DNS filtering profiles in security policies.

In this example, user groups research (R&D employees) and marketing (marketing employees) to be referenced have been created.

Choose Policy > Security Policy > Security Policy.

Click Add Security Policy and set the parameters as follows.

Content Security
Name	policy_sec_research
Description	Security policy of web access protect for research.
Source Zone	trust
Destination Zone	untrust
User	/default/research
Schedule	time_range
Action	Permit
DNS Filtering	profile_dns_research

Click OK.

Click Add Security Policy and set the parameters as follows.

Content Security
Name	policy_sec_marketing
Description	Security policy of web access protect for marketing.
Source Zone	trust
Destination Zone	untrust
User	/default/marketing
Schedule	time_range
Action	Permit
DNS Filtering	profile_dns_marketing

Click OK.

Click Save on the upper right of the web page and click OK in the dialog box that is displayed.
Click Commit on the upper right of the web page and click OK in the dialog box that is displayed.

Verification

Employees in the R&D department can access only websites in the Education/Science and Search Engines/Portals categories from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.

Choose Monitor > Logs > System Log List to view DNS logs. You can find that R&D employees' access to social focus and forum websites is blocked and the filtering type is Predefined.
Marketing employees are allowed to access only websites in the Education/Science, Search Engines/Portals, and Social Focus categories, and www.example.net and are blocked when attempting to access other websites, such as forum websites from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.

Choose Monitor > Logs > System Log List to view DNS logs. You can find that marketing employees' access to forum websites is blocked and the filtering type is Predefined.

Configuration Scripts

#                                                                               
sysname FW      
#                                                                               
 dns resolve                                                                    
 dns server 10.2.0.70                                                           
#                                                                               
ip service-set service_sec_huawei_com type object                               
 service 0 protocol tcp source-port 0 to 65535 destination-port 80              
 service 1 protocol tcp source-port 0 to 65535 destination-port 12612           
 service 2 protocol udp source-port 0 to 65535 destination-port 12600           
#                                                                               
 country CN                                                                     
#                                                                               
 time-range time_range                                                          
  period-range 09:00:00 to 17:00:00 daily                                       
#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1   
 undo shutdown
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3   
 undo shutdown
 ip address 10.3.0.1 255.255.255.0
#                                                                               
firewall zone trust                                                             
 set priority 85                                                                
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
#                                                                               
firewall zone untrust                                                           
 set priority 5                                                                 
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
dns-filter category user-defined name DNS_userdefine_category
 description DNS userdefine category of access control for marketing.
 add host www.example.net
#
profile type dns-filter name profile_dns_research
 description DNS filter profile of web access control for research.
 category pre-defined subcategory-id 101 action block
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 category user-defined name DNS_userdefine_category action block
profile type dns-filter name profile_dns_marketing
 description DNS filter profile of web access control for marketing.
 category pre-defined subcategory-id 101 action block
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#                                                                               
security-policy                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_huawei_com                                                
  source-zone local                                                             
  destination-zone untrust                                                      
  service service_sec_huawei_com                                                
  action permit                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_research                                                  
  description Security policy of web access protect for research.               
  source-zone trust                                                             
  destination-zone untrust
  user user-group /default/research                                             
  time-range time_range                                                         
  profile dns-filter profile_dns_research                                       
  action permit                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_marketing                                                 
  description Security policy of web access protect for marketing.              
  source-zone trust                                                             
  destination-zone untrust                                                      
  user user-group /default/marketing                                            
  time-range time_range                                                         
  profile dns-filter profile_dns_marketing                                      
  action permit