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Web: Configuring Blacklist-/Whitelist-based DNS Filtering

This section provides an example for configuring blacklist-/whitelist-based DNS filtering to permit or deny the access to specific websites.

Networking Requirements

As shown in Figure 1, the FW is deployed at the network border as the enterprise's gateway to implement DNS filtering on the DNS query requests submitted by users for accessing external networks.

The enterprise has R&D and marketing employees. The specific requirements on the employees are as follows:

  • A domain name whitelist is created for the R&D employees so that they can access only work-related domain names (www.example.org) from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.
  • A domain name blacklist is created for the marketing employees so that they can access all domain names except the blacklisted ones (www.example.*) from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.
Figure 1 Networking diagram for configuring blacklist-/whitelist-based DNS filtering

Configuration Roadmap

  1. Set interface IP addresses and assign interfaces to security zones.
  2. For R&D employees, create a DNS filtering profile, add whitelisted domain names (www.example.org), and set the action to block for all predefined categories and the default action to block (if the remote query service is unavailable, the FW will take the default action to control the access to non-whitelisted domain names).
  3. For marketing employees, create a DNS filtering profile, add blacklisted domain names (www.example.*), and set the action to allow for all predefined categories and the default action to allow (if the remote query service is unavailable, the FW will take the default action to control the access to non-blacklisted domain names).
  4. Configure two security policies and reference user groups and DNS filtering profiles to control the domain name access for different user groups.

Procedure

  1. Set interface IP addresses and assign interfaces to security zones.

    1. Choose Network > Interface.

    2. Click of GE0/0/3 and set the parameters as follows.

      Zone

      trust

      IPv4

      IP Address

      10.3.0.1/24
    3. Click OK.

    4. Repeat the preceding steps to set the parameters for GE0/0/1.

      Zone

      untrust

      IPv4

      IP Address

      1.1.1.1/24

  2. Configure DNS filtering profiles.

    1. Choose Object > Security Profiles > DNS Filtering.

    2. In DNS Filtering Profile, click Add and set the parameters as follows.

      Name

      profile_dns_research

      Description

      DNS filter profile of web access control for research.

      Default Action

      Block

      Whitelisted Host

      www.example.org

      DNS Filtering Level

      Select Custom and set the action to Block for all predefined categories.

      NOTE:

      To simplify configuration, select Block to the right of Name in the first row to set the action to Block for all predefined categories.
    3. Click OK.

    4. In DNS Filtering Profile, click Add and set the parameters as follows.

      Name

      profile_dns_marketing

      Description

      DNS filter profile of web access control for marketing.

      Default Action

      Permit

      Blacklisted Host

      www.example.*

      DNS Filtering Level

      Select Custom and set the action to Allow for all predefined categories.

      NOTE:

      To simplify configuration, select Allow to the right of Name in the first row to set the action to Allow for all predefined categories.
    5. Click OK.

  3. Configure schedules.

    1. Choose Object > Schedule.
    2. Click Add to create schedule time_range. Set the parameters as follows.

      Name

      time_range

      Type

      Periodic schedule

      Start Time

      09:00:00

      End Time

      17:00:00

      Weekly Validity Time

      Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday
    3. Click OK.

  4. Reference DNS filtering profiles in security policies.

    In this example, user groups research (R&D employees) and marketing (marketing employees) to be referenced have been created.

    1. Choose Policy > Security Policy > Security Policy.

    2. Click Add Security Policy and set the parameters as follows. For details on security policies, see Configuring a Security Policy Using the Web UI.

      Name

      policy_sec_research

      Description

      Security policy of web access protect for research.

      Source Zone

      trust

      Destination Zone

      untrust

      User

      /default/research

      Schedule

      time_range

      Action

      Permit

      Content Security

      DNS Filtering

      profile_dns_research
    3. Click OK.

    4. Click Add Security Policy and set the parameters as follows. For details on security policies, see Configuring a Security Policy Using the Web UI.

      Name

      policy_sec_marketing

      Description

      Security policy of web access protect for marketing.

      Source Zone

      trust

      Destination Zone

      untrust

      User

      /default/marketing

      Schedule

      time_range

      Action

      Permit

      Content Security

      DNS Filtering

      profile_dns_marketing
    5. Click OK.

  5. Click Save on the upper right of the web page and click OK in the dialog box that is displayed.
  6. Click Commit on the upper right of the web page and click OK in the dialog box that is displayed.

Verification

  • R&D employees can access only www.example.org from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.

    Choose Monitor > Logs > System Log List to view DNS logs. You can find that R&D employees' access to other websites is blocked and the filtering type is Predefined or Unknown (for which the FW performs the timeout or default action).

  • Marketing employees can access all websites, except www.example.* from 09:00 to 17:00. Inaccessible domain names are as follows:

    • www.example.net
    • www.example.com
    • www.example.cn

    Choose Monitor > Logs > System Log List to view DNS logs. You can find that marketing employees' access to www.example.* is blocked and the filtering type is Blacklist.

Configuration Scripts

#                                                                               
sysname FW      
#                                                                               
 time-range time_range                                                          
  period-range 09:00:00 to 17:00:00 daily                                       
#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1   
 undo shutdown
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3   
 undo shutdown
 ip address 10.3.0.1 255.255.255.0
#                                                                               
firewall zone trust                                                             
 set priority 85                                                                
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
#                                                                               
firewall zone untrust                                                           
 set priority 5                                                                 
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
profile type dns-filter name profile_dns_research                               
 description DNS filter profile of web access control for research.             
 add whitelist host www.example.org                                             
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profile type dns-filter name profile_dns_marketing                              
 description DNS filter profile of web access control for marketing.            
 add blacklist host www.example.*                                            
#                                                                               
security-policy                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_research                                                  
  description Security policy of web access protect for research.               
  source-zone trust                                                             
  destination-zone untrust
  user user-group /default/research                                             
  time-range time_range                                                         
  profile dns-filter profile_dns_research                                       
  action permit                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_marketing                                                 
  description Security policy of web access protect for marketing.              
  source-zone trust                                                             
  destination-zone untrust                                                      
  user user-group /default/marketing                                            
  time-range time_range                                                         
  profile dns-filter profile_dns_marketing                                      
  action permit
Parent Topic: Configuration Examples for DNS filtering
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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