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CLI: Example for Using URL Categories to Control Website Access

This section provides an example for configuring URL category-based URL filtering to control the access to URL of a specific category. The URL category can be either a predefined category of the FW or a user-defined category.

Networking Requirements

As shown in Figure 1, the FW is deployed at the network border as the enterprise's gateway to implement URL filtering on HTTP requests.

The enterprise has R&D and marketing employees. The specific networking requirements are as follows:

  • The R&D employees can access only URLs in the Education/Science and Search Engines/Portals categories from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.
  • The marketing employees can access only Education/Science, Search Engines/Portals, and Social Focus websites, www.example.com/news, and www.example.net from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.
Figure 1 Using URL categories to control website access

Configuration Roadmap

  1. Set the IP address and security zone of the interface.
  2. Configure the remote query server to obtain the mappings between URLs and predefined categories. In this example, Education/Science, Search Engines/Portals, and Social Focus are all predefined categories. To use the remote query function, you must perform the following configuration:
    1. Activate the license and ensure that the license is within the validity period.
    2. Load the remote URL query component package.
    3. Configure the DNS server and ensure that the FW can correctly resolve domain name sec.huawei.com.
    4. Set the parameters related to the remote query server, including the query mode, country name, and timeout period.

    5. To ensure that remote query is available, configure a security policy and reference user-defined services in the security policy to allow the FW to access the scheduling center sec.huawei.com. The user-defined services include:

      • TCP: The destination port number is 443 (for interaction with scheduling center sec.huawei.com).
      • TCP: The destination port number is 12612 (for interaction with a dispatch server).
      • UDP: The destination port number is 12600 (for interaction with a query server).
  3. Configure user-defined category url_userdefine_category, and add www.example.com/news to the user-defined URL and www.example.net to the user-defined domain name.
  4. Configure two URL filtering profiles, profile_url_research for the R&D personnel and profile_url_marketing for the marketing personnel. Specify control actions for user-defined and predefined categories.

  5. Configure the time range and user group.

  6. Configure two security policies to reference schedules, user groups, and URL filtering profiles.

Procedure

  1. Set the IP address and security zone of the interface.
    1. Set an IP address for interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 and assign the interface to the untrust zone.

      <FW> system-view
[FW] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] ip address 1.1.1.1 24
[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
[FW] firewall zone untrust
[FW-zone-untrust] add interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[FW-zone-untrust] quit

    2. Set an IP address for interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 and add the interface to the trust zone.

      [FW] interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3
[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] ip address 10.3.0.1 24
[FW-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] quit
[FW] firewall zone trust
[FW-zone-trust] add interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3
[FW-zone-trust] quit

  2. Configure the remote query server to obtain the mappings between URLs and predefined categories.
    1. Activate the license and ensure that the license is within the validity period. For configuration details, see License Management.
    2. Load the remote URL query component package. For configuration details, see System Upgrade.
    3. Configure the DNS server.

      [FW] dns resolve
[FW] dns server 10.2.0.70

    4. Configure remote query service parameters, including the query mode, country name, and timeout period.

      [FW] country CN
[FW] url-filter query timeout time 3 action allow

    5. Configure user-defined services.

      [FW] ip service-set service_sec_huawei_com type object
[FW-object-service-set-service_sec_huawei_com] service protocol TCP source-port 0 to 65535 destination-port 443
[FW-object-service-set-service_sec_huawei_com] service protocol TCP source-port 0 to 65535 destination-port 12612
[FW-object-service-set-service_sec_huawei_com] service protocol UDP source-port 0 to 65535 destination-port 12600
[FW-object-service-set-service_sec_huawei_com] quit

    6. Configure security policies and reference user-defined services to allow the FW to access the scheduling center.

      [FW] security-policy
[FW-policy-security] rule name policy_sec_huawei_com
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_huawei_com] source-zone local
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_huawei_com] destination-zone untrust
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_huawei_com] service service_sec_huawei_com
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_huawei_com] action permit
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_huawei_com] quit
[FW-policy-security] quit

  3. Configure user-defined URL categories.

    [FW] url-filter category user-defined name url_userdefine_category
[FW-cate-user-defined-url_userdefine_category] description url userdefine category of access control for marketing.
[FW-cate-user-defined-url_userdefine_category] add url www.example.com/news
[FW-cate-user-defined-url_userdefine_category] add host www.example.net
[FW-cate-user-defined-url_userdefine_category] quit

  4. Configure URL filtering profiles.

    You can run the display url-filter category pre-defined command to query the mappings between the following predefined categories and IDs:

    • 17: Education/Science
    • 15: Search Engines/Portals
    • 5: Social Focus

    1. Configure a URL filtering profile for the R&D department.

      [FW] profile type url-filter name profile_url_research 
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_research] description URL filter profile of web access control for research.
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_research] category user-defined action block
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_research] category pre-defined action block
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_research] category pre-defined category-id 15 action allow
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_research] category pre-defined category-id 17 action allow
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_research] quit

    2. Configure a URL filtering profile for the marketing department.

      [FW] profile type url-filter name profile_url_marketing 
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] description URL filter profile of web access control for marketing.
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] category user-defined action block
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] category pre-defined action block
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] category pre-defined category-id 5 action allow
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] category pre-defined category-id 15 action allow
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] category pre-defined category-id 17 action allow
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] category user-defined name url_userdefine_category action allow
[FW-profile-url-filter-profile_url_marketing] quit

  5. Configure schedules.

    [FW] time-range time_range
[FW-time-range-time_range] period-range 09:00:00 to 17:00:00 daily
[FW-time-range-time_range] quit

  6. Reference URL filtering profiles in security policies.

    In this example, user groups research (R&D personnel) and marketing (marketing personnel) to be referenced have been created.

    1. Configure a security policy for the R&D department.

      [FW] security-policy
[FW-policy-security] rule name policy_sec_research
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] description Security policy of web access protect for research.
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] source-zone trust
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] destination-zone untrust
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] source-address 10.3.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] user user-group /default/research
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] time-range time_range
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] action permit
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] profile url-filter profile_url_research
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_research] quit

    2. Configure a security policy for the marketing department.

      [FW-policy-security] rule name policy_sec_marketing
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] description Security policy of web access protect for marketing.
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] source-zone trust
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] destination-zone untrust
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] source-address 10.3.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] user user-group /default/marketing
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] time-range time_range
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] action permit
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] profile url-filter profile_url_marketing
[FW-policy-security-rule-policy_sec_marketing] quit
[FW-policy-security] quit

  7. Commit the content security profiles.

    [FW] engine configuration commit
Info: The operation may last for several minutes, please wait.
Info: URL submitted configurations successfully.
Info: Finish committing engine compiling.

Verification

  • Employees in the R&D department can access only websites in the Education/Science and Search Engines/Portals categories from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.

    By viewing the URL log URL/4/FILTER, you can see that the access requests from R&D department employees to social focus and forum websites matched the URL filtering policy whose filtering type is Pre-defined and action is Block.

  • Marketing employees are allowed to access only Education/Science, Search Engines/Portals, and Social Focus websites, www.example.com/news, and www.example.net and are blocked when attempting to access other websites, such as forum websites from 09:00 to 17:00 every day.

    By viewing the URL log URL/4/FILTER, you can see that the access requests from marketing department employees to forum websites matched the URL filtering policy whose filtering type is Pre-defined and action is Block.

Configuration Scripts

#                                                                               
sysname FW
#                                                                               
 dns resolve                                                                    
 dns server 10.2.0.70                                                           
#                                                                               
ip service-set service_sec_huawei_com type object                               
 service 0 protocol tcp source-port 0 to 65535 destination-port 443              
 service 1 protocol tcp source-port 0 to 65535 destination-port 12612           
 service 2 protocol udp source-port 0 to 65535 destination-port 12600           
#                                                                               
 country CN                                                                     
#                                                                               
 time-range time_range                                                          
  period-range 09:00:00 to 17:00:00 daily                                       
#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1   
 undo shutdown
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#                                                                               
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3   
 undo shutdown
 ip address 10.3.0.1 255.255.255.0
#                                                                               
firewall zone trust                                                             
 set priority 85                                                                
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3
#                                                                               
firewall zone untrust                                                           
 set priority 5                                                                 
 add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
url-filter category user-defined name url_userdefine_category                   
 description url userdefine category of access control for marketing.           
 add url www.example.com/news                                                   
 add  host www.example.net                                                      
profile type url-filter name profile_url_research                               
 description URL filter profile of web access control for research.             
 category pre-defined subcategory-id 101 action block
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 category user-defined name url_userdefine_category action block
profile type url-filter name profile_url_marketing                              
 description URL filter profile of web access control for marketing.            
 category pre-defined subcategory-id 101 action block
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#                                                                               
security-policy                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_huawei_com                                                
  source-zone local                                                             
  destination-zone untrust                                                      
  service service_sec_huawei_com                                                
  action permit                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_research                                                  
  description Security policy of web access protect for research.               
  source-zone trust                                                             
  destination-zone untrust
  source-address 10.3.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
  user user-group /default/research                                             
  time-range time_range                                                         
  profile url-filter profile_url_research                                       
  action permit                                                                 
 rule name policy_sec_marketing                                                 
  description Security policy of web access protect for marketing.              
  source-zone trust                                                             
  destination-zone untrust                                                      
  source-address 10.3.0.0 mask 255.255.255.0
  user user-group /default/marketing                                            
  time-range time_range                                                         
  profile url-filter profile_url_marketing                                      
  action permit
Parent Topic: Content Security
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
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